Introduction
The Xanthidae is the second largest family of true crabs comprising over 120 genera and 700 species (extant taxa). The family shows a worldwide distribution in tropical and temperate regions and occurs from intertidal mangroves and rocky shores to the deep sea. It is most diverse on coral and rocky reefs. A number of coral reef species are known to be either moderately or highly toxic to humans and have resulted in a number of fatalities. — John W. Short, 2026
Diagnosis
Carapace smooth or granular, typically with regions well-defined; anterolateral margins usually with 4–5 teeth or lobes behind exorbital angle. Chelipeds strongly developed, typically with dark-coloured, spoon-shaped fingers. Male abdominal segments 3–5 immovable, with or without visible sutures. First male gonopod slender and sinuous, second male gonopod short. Male genital openings coxal; female openings sternal. — John W. Short, 2026
